Popular Science: Clinical Symptoms and Nursing Knowledge of Canine Kidney Failure

Pet 8:43am, 10 July 2025 86

Chronic renal failure in dogs is one of the common diseases in elderly dogs and is also a sign of some late stages of kidney disease. This disease is a gradual process, and most diseased dogs die of uremia syndrome.

1. Causes of dog kidney failure:

Dog kidney failure is often caused by dog ​​kidney disease. Renal failure is a typical late manifestation of kidney disease in dogs.

2. Clinical symptoms of canine kidney failure:

1. It is divided into two stages: azoemia and uremia.

2. When azoemia occurs, no obvious clinical symptoms may be seen, and there are changes in blood tests.

3. When uremia occurs, it is a multisystem poisoning syndrome, with clinical symptoms related to azoemia: polyuria and thirst, anorexia and weight loss, insomnia, pale mucosal and ulcers. Vomiting, dogs sometimes twitch.

4. Blood test during azoemia: urea concentration increases, and creatinine or other non-protein nitrogen compounds can be seen.

5. Blood test during uremia: creatinine and urea nitrogen content is higher.

III. Preventive measures for kidney failure in dogs:

1. Current treatment methods are extremely difficult to cure kidney failure, but appropriate drug treatment can improve the quality of life of sick dogs for months or even years.

2. Diet therapy can meet the nutritional and energy needs of the affected dog, improve the clinical symptoms of uremia, reduce electrolyte, vitamin and mineral disorders, and thus slow down the process of renal failure.

3. When sick dogs vomit, they do not restrict drinking water or rehydration to maintain normal hydration and avoid stress. They are given sodium bicarbonate to correct metabolic acidosis, and are given assimilator and intestinal phosphorus, and are provided with calcium and calcitriol, oral painkillers and H2 antagonists, and are given erythropoietin and anticonvulsive drugs. Do not use drugs that have a poisoning effect on the kidneys. They are used to formulate antihypertensive treatment methods.

4. When dogs experience uremia renal failure, it is recommended to drink free water, normal protein intake, and limit phosphorus binding agents. Hypertension limits sodium and supplies potassium to prevent excessive potassium loss. In addition, consider using erythropoietin and vitamin D supplementation during anemia.

4. Recommendations for pet owners The main functions of the kidney are excretion (such as metabolic waste of proteins), regulation (such as acid-base balance) and biosynthesis (such as erythropoietin). Only after the kidney tissue is widely damaged will the clinical symptoms be significantly exposed, so elderly dogs should pay attention to physical examinations.